Adaptation of the Employee Spirituality Scale into Turkish: Validity and Reliability Study

Abstract

This study aims to conduct the validity and reliability of the Employee Spirituality Scale (ESS), developed by Wnuk (2022), within the context of Türkiye. Initially, the original English version of the scale was translated into Turkish by subject matter experts, and then back-translated to ensure linguistic equivalence. Subsequently, the scale was administered to a sample group of 400 teachers. The sample was divided into two groups, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted, respectively. The findings revealed that the original two-dimensional structure of the scale was preserved in the Turkish version. These two dimensions were named "Relationship to Higher Power" and "Attitudes Toward Workmates and Employer," each consisting of 12 items. According to the EFA results, 62% of the total variance was explained, and most factor loadings were found to be above .55. In the CFA, the model demonstrated acceptable fit indices (χ²/df = 2.253; RMSEA = 0.079; CFI = 0.898). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated as .93 for the entire scale, .97 for the first sub-dimension, and .88 for the second sub-dimension. As a result, this study adapted the Employee Spirituality Scale into Turkish and determined it to be a psychometrically valid and reliable measurement tool in the Turkish context.